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Weng Tonghe (; 1830–1904), courtesy name Shuping (叔平), was a Chinese Confucian scholar and imperial tutor who lived in the Qing dynasty. In 1856, he obtained the position of ''zhuangyuan'' (or top scholar) in the imperial examination and was subsequently admitted to the prestigious Hanlin Academy. Weng's father, Weng Xincun, was an official who had been persecuted by an influential faction in the Qing imperial court led by Sushun. However, in 1861, a coup took place, bringing about the deposition of Sushun and his faction, and the new government, led by Prince Gong, Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi, placed the senior Weng to high office.〔''A Mosaic of the Hundred Days: Personalities, Politics and Ideas of 1898'' (Harvard University Study Center, 1984), pgs. 51 & 52〕 In 1865, Weng was appointed as a tutor to the Tongzhi Emperor,〔Kwong, Luke S.K. ''A Mosaic of the Hundred Days: Personalities, Politics and Ideas of 1898'' (Harvard University Study Center, 1984).〕 joining another tutor by the name of Wo Ren,〔Seagrave, Sterling ''Dragon Lady: the Life & Legend of the Last Empress of China'' (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992) pg. 117〕 as well as a lecturer to the two empress dowagers.〔 The Tongzhi Emperor formally took over the reins of power from his regents in 1873 but died two years later. Weng had apparently been exonerated from the disastrous failure of the education of the Tongzhi Emperor, as he was appointed as a tutor to the Tongzhi Emperor's successor, the Guangxu Emperor.〔 As a tutor to the Guangxu Emperor, Weng emphasized the boy-emperor's filial duties to Empress Dowager Cixi, making her an object of fear and reverence for him.〔 Along with his role as tutor, Weng accrued increased political power, occupying several important posts in the Qing administration, including Vice President and later President of the Board of Revenue, Director of the Censorate and President of the Board of Punishments. He also served on the Grand Council 1882–84 and participated in decisions made in the First Sino-Japanese War.〔 Weng was also known for being a patron of Kang Youwei, a man whom him began to dissociate with by the spring of 1898,〔 and in light of this connection, it has been argued that Empress Dowager Cixi removed him from office. However, apparently it was the Guangxu Emperor himself who removed Weng from office in June 1898 after they got into a quarrel.〔 ==References== * (Weng Tonghe (1830-1904) Calligraphy Gallery ) * Hummel, Arthur William, ed. ''Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644-1912).'' 2 vols. Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1943. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Weng Tonghe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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